Diabetes causes the sugar levels in the blood to soar causing damage to the blood vessels of the organs in the body. Damage to the blood vessels of the nerves can result to neuropathy. Damage to blood vessels of the kidney can result to kidney failure thus requiring dialysis. Moreover, high glucose levels in the blood can also damage the retina’s blood vessels. The retina is just like a film inside a camera that lines the back of the eye and detects light that entering the eye and transforms it into an image for the brain to interpret. When the blood vessels of the retina becomes damaged, the retina may stop functioning thus vision loss becomes evident.
People who have been exposed to high levels of sugar for a very long time such as in diabetes, can cause portions of the blood vessels in the retina to weaken. These weakened portions usually pouch out along the walls of the blood vessels forming microaneurysms. These microaneurysms can rupture anytime, spilling blood into the retina and are seen as small dots of hemorrhages where most of it will disappear over time and the remaining debris will form clumps called hard exudates. Altogether, these changes in the retina of the eyes can be called as background diabetic eye disease. This disease is quite common among known diabetics for 10 years or more. Background diabetic eye disease rarely causes significant loss of vision unless the macula, which is the center of the retina, is affected. When the swelling occurs in the macula, it is termed as diabetic macular swelling, wherein vision loss is likely a result.
Another diabetic eye disease is the proliferative diabetic eye disease. These are caused by the abnormal growth formation of the blood vessels in the retina in an attempt to replace those that have been destroyed. These new growths are usually very fragile and break easily. Proliferative diabetic eye disease can result to complete or partial loss of vision but is quite uncommon than background eye disease.
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Both background and proliferative diabetic retinopathy usually don’t have symptoms during the early stages. And the only way to detect them is through regular visits to the Optometrist Austin. It is very important to keep the eyes in check for abnormal changes in the eyes. If you are a diabetic, visit your Optometrist Austin now and keep your eyes health and in check.
The eyes are the mirror of the soul, take care of your eyes visit optometrist Austin for a clearer vision.